Structure

What is structure

                              

                             Structure is a group of similar and dissimilar data types. Structure is user defined data type. To create a structure, we use struct keyword. Structure starts with a delimiters({) and close with a delimiter (}). After closing the delimiters, we place a (;) semicolon. To access the elements of the structures, we create a structure variable/ structure field, with the help of structure variable we use the dot (.) operator and a specific element name, which we want to access. As shown in the syntax below:    

‘

struct<structure name>

                        {

                        <data type><variable>;

                        <data type><variable>;

                        };                    

Write a program using with structure.

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

struct student

{

char name[20];

int roll, marks;

};

void main()

{

struct student s;

clrscr();

printf(“Enter student name”) ;

scanf(“%s”,&s.name);

printf(“Enter student roll no”);

scanf(“%d”,&s.roll);

printf(“Enter student marks”);

scanf(“%d”,&s.marks);

print(“\n your name=%s”,s.name);

printf(“\n your roll=%d”,s.roll);

printf(“\n your marks=%d”,s.marks);

getch();

}

Copy Structure

                            We can copy the value of one structure variable into another structure variable of same structure it means we can create the two variable of a single structure and copy the values of first variable to second variable using the assignment operator.

Nested Structure

                            Nested structure means a structure inside a structure. It is possible to have one structure a as member of another structure .In nested structure the first structure is called the outer structure and second structure which is inside the structure is  known  as inner structure.

Nested means something inside another thing.  

Advantages of Structure

1. If we want to store a record of person we can use structure  for example:-

If we want to store the details of a student like his name, roll, marks etc.

2. If we want to store different type of element into a single unit.
3. We can pass structure as argument into the function in place of passing more then one arguments. They can pass a single unit.
4. It’s a collection of heterogeneous but related elements, which is called record. .